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KMID : 0923620230230060047
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Immune Network
2023 Volume.23 No. 6 p.47 ~ p.47
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Intranasal Immunization With Nanoparticles Containing an Orientia tsutsugamushi Protein Vaccine Candidate and a Polysorbitol Transporter Adjuvant Enhances Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses
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Kim Cheol-Gyun
Kim Won-Kyong
Kim Na-Rae
Pyung Young-Jin
Park Da-Jeong
Lee Jeong-Cheol
Cho Chong-Su
Chu Hyuk
Yun Cheol-Heui
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Abstract
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Scrub typhus, a mite-borne infectious disease, is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Despite many attempts to develop a protective strategy, an effective preventive vaccine has not been developed. The identification of appropriate Ags that cover diverse antigenic strains and provide long-lasting immunity is a fundamental challenge in the development of a scrub typhus vaccine. We investigated whether this limitation could be overcome by harnessing the nanoparticle-forming polysorbitol transporter (PST) for an O. tsutsugamushi vaccine strategy. Two target proteins, 56-kDa type-specific Ag (TSA56) and surface cell Ag A (ScaA) were used as vaccine candidates. PST formed stable nano-size complexes with TSA56 (TSA56-PST) and ScaA (ScaA-PST); neither exhibited cytotoxicity. The formation of Ag-specific IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgA in mice was enhanced by intranasal vaccination with TSA56-PST or ScaA-PST. The vaccines containing PST induced Ag-specific proliferation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, the vaccines containing PST improved the mouse survival against O. tsutsugamushi infection. Collectively, the present study indicated that PST could enhance both Ag-specific humoral immunity and T cell response, which are essential to effectively confer protective immunity against O. tsutsugamushi infection. These findings suggest that PST has potential for use in an intranasal vaccination strategy.
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KEYWORD
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Orientia tsutsugamushi, Intranasal administration, Nano-vaccine, Adaptive immunity
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